So I am entirely self taught. I have been trying to become better at c# for years while working an unrelated job and progress has been very difficult. Genuinely, at least once a week I tell myself I am going to stop and do something else out of frustration, but I cant stay away from it for longer than a day.
Recently I have been trying to watch more advanced videos and push out my comfort zone. The videos are longer format (often part of a long multi-part series) and much more dense and fast paced. My goal here is I am trying to get better with the Unit engine, and that is my main objective.
So for the last few weeks I starting looking into design patterns and wanted to start with State Machine behavior.
From a game perspective I understand the purpose of using a state machine, however, in implementation when all these different scripts are moving and inheriting, I struggle to keep up with the flow of information. The tutorial I am following I paid for via patreon, so I cant share the scripts, but if anyone is generally familiar with this design pattern, I would really appreciate a ELI5 explanation of the flow of information more generally. I think I understand each line of code, but I miss the bigger picture… if that makes sense.
I even tried to make this diagram to help me understand: https://i.ibb.co/KhK3sr8/Image-Diagram.png
On a slightly unrelated note, I have been thinking about getting a mentor to help me down this path. I really don’t want to waste too much more time with the wrong resources and the right teacher can really help I think. But I am not sure how to find one when I dont work in that area…
Hey so just about to go to bed and too tired for an ELI5 but I would recommend checking out this library
https://github.com/dotnet-state-machine/stateless
And this article
https://medium.com/@m3lles/stateless-a-lightweight-workflow-library-alternative-for-net-b739389bb049
Essentially your state machine should have permitted triggers that can occur from a given state that transition into a new state. Triggers may invoke other triggers (with or without params) that your state machine should be facilitating (or not if the trigger is not permitted in that current state)
It helps to draw out your states and the flows between them (your triggers) before you approach implementation.
Implementing the state machine logic yourself isn’t trivial so if you opt out if a library don’t be discouraged if you get stuck. But definitely look at some existing solutions of a state machine to help you out.
Second using Stateless. It’s a great library.
At its simplest it’s just a big case statement. It generally works best where there aren’t a lot of branch decisions to be made. “I turn the key {engine is now on} I release the hand brake {the car will move} I press the accelerator {the car is moving}”. For stuff like “it’s raining” I’d have a separate state machine.
Error conditions can be handled internally or externally. If your car won’t start, I’d suggest that it’s not part of this state machine, but should defer to the “call the AA” state machine.
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You don’t need “events” for it to work. The state machine is about state, not about doing things. This isn’t always the case. The async await keywords build a state machine and does asyncy things in the background. It’s a complicated example, and as usual, try and keep your code simple.
When you start looking about state machines everyone focuses on the states but the most interesting part really are the transitions, when you understand this state machines become a very general concept that doesn’t depend on the specific implementation.
There are three main elements in a state machine, states, triggers and transitions. All states and triggers do is selecting a transition (one of those arrows conecting states you see in the drawings). Within a transition there are two points where something can happen: before exiting the current state and after entering the new state. Also keep in mind you can have transitions starting and ending at the same state, does this means they don’t do anything? Not necesarilly, this means that in this state you can trigger an action that doesn’t change the current state.
In practice this can be implemented in very different ways, in some implementations some of those concepts aren’t explicit but it doesn’t matter as long as you understand the state machine they represent. For instance the state pattern looks different than a state machine at first glace, specially since it isn’t defined in one place, but the concepts are still there, you can still get a paper and draw the corresponding state machine with states, triggers and transitions, keeping in mind that the transition is where something happens.
In your case, would you be able to draw the state machine? The State class is oviously the state, the State methods might be both triggers and transitions. Trigger in the sense that you have defined two kinds of methods to call, one named Tick and one named ExecuteActions, the transition is the specific method call that happens depending on the current state.
Also check out Automatonymous – I’m the author of it. There is also an entire video series on YouTube called MassTransit Season 2 that focused entirely on using the state machine in a distributed message-based application.
https://github.com/MassTransit/Automatonymous
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLx8uyNNs1ri1UA_Nerr7Ej3g9nT2PxbbH
I made 3 state machines and implemented them into unity. By the third time doing it, it made sense. My suggestion: do it a few times on a simple game with simple AI.
So, from what I’ve done in classes is give each Object an State-Enum Collection, so basically an Array of States. Whenever the state of the Object changes, I change the State and have a getter method for the Object’s State.
It helps to understand that States are more-so parts (from my perspective at least, more experienced coders back me or correct me) of an Object, not separate. So to me, I wouldn’t gave separate State managers, rather I would just have a Controller checking the State of an Object before doing anything. Hope this helps, I’m more proficient in Java, RubyRails and C++, hence why I’m on this sub.
I understand the state object pattern, but I don’t understand why it’s needed. Your business object is the state machine after all.
There’s a good dotnet discord channel of csharp ( for your unrelated note)
Think of a state machine like a high pressure pipe. Your system is always trying to fall from one pool into the next through your transitions. You open up your transitions when you want state machine to flow from one state to another and you control things by opening those pipes connecting states
C# devs
null reference exceptions